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Dr. Peter H. Graham
439 Borlaug Hall
1991 Upper Buford Circle
St Paul, MN 55406

Inoculants and inoculation

• For which legumes are commercial inoculants available and who makes them?



• Which are the rhizobial strains used in commercial inoculants?



• What are rhizobia?



• When is it advisable to inoculate?



• What are the qualities of a good inoculant strain?



• Why are some inoculants prepared using a single rhizobial strain while others use multiple strains?



• Are inoculants packaged in different ways?



• Must inoculants conform to particular standards?



• Are there different methods of inoculation?



• Why can inoculation fail?



• How should inoculants be stored?

Nodulation and nitrogen fixation

• What level of N fertilizer can be safely added, without inhibition of nodulation and nitrogen fixation



• What happens during nodulation?



• Why are some nodules round, but others elongated or even lobed?



• How can you determine that a nodule is fixing nitrogen?



• What factors influence levels of nitrogen fixation in legumes?